What is the previous term for "intellectual disability"?

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The term "mental retardation" was historically used to describe individuals with significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. This terminology was widely accepted until changes in society's understanding of intellectual disabilities and the impact of language on perceptions of individuals with disabilities led to a shift in terminology.

In the early 21st century, the term "mental retardation" was deemed outdated and offensive, leading to the adoption of the term "intellectual disability" as a more appropriate and respectful descriptor.

While "cognitive delay" and "developmental delay" refer to different aspects of intellectual and developmental functioning, they do not specifically replace "mental retardation." "Learning disability," on the other hand, pertains to specific challenges in learning processes rather than overall intellectual functioning. Thus, "mental retardation" stands as the directly prior term to "intellectual disability," which is why it is the correct answer.

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