Which type of validity pertains to how well an assessment measures observable content?

Content validity is concerned with how well an assessment reflects the specific content it is intended to measure. This type of validity ensures that the test items are representative of the domain of knowledge or skills being assessed. For example, if a test is designed to measure math skills, content validity would require that the questions included comprehensively cover the necessary math concepts and skills rather than focusing on unrelated areas.

When evaluating an assessment for content validity, practitioners often analyze the test blueprint or structure to confirm that it aligns with the learning objectives and standards. This form of validity is critical in educational assessments to ensure that students are evaluated based on the relevant content and that inferences drawn from the test results are meaningful and applicable to the specific domain being measured.